ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI ENDOFIT DARI AKAR TANAMAN SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata Ness.)

SUNARTI, - (2025) ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI ENDOFIT DARI AKAR TANAMAN SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata Ness.). Skripsi thesis, Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Indonesia.

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Abstract

Bakteri endofit merupakan mikroorganisme yang hidup di dalam jaringan tanaman tanpa menyebabkan penyakit dan berperan penting dalam mendukung pertumbuhan serta ketahanan tanaman terhadap stres biotik dan abiotik. Kehadiran bakteri endofit bukan sekedar sebagai "penumpang" dalam jaringan tanaman, tetapi komponen aktif yang mendukung metabolisme tanaman termasuk produksi senyawa bioaktif yang bermanfaat bagi pengobatan. Perannya sebagai enhancer alami mampu memproduksi fitohormon, fiksasi nitrogen, dan pelarutan fosfat yang dapat meningkatkan kesehatan tanaman sehingga berpotensi lebih baik dalam produksi senyawa bioaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri endofit dari akar tanaman sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Ness.) yang diperoleh dari Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (BALITRO), Bogor. Akar tanaman disterilisasi permukaannya untuk menghilangkan mikroorganisme epifit. Isolasi dilakukan dengan metode eksplan langsung pada media Tryptone Soya Agar (TSA) tanpa proses penghancuran jaringan. Penelitian berhasil mengisolasi satu isolat bakteri dengan morfologi makroskopis berbentuk bulat, berwarna putih kekuningan, berukuran kecil, bertepi rata, dan elevasi timbul. Identifikasi mikroskopis menunjukkan bakteri gram positif berbentuk basil. Uji katalase positif mengindikasikan adanya produksi enzim katalase pada bakteri. Analisis filogenetik menunjukkan isolat bakteri berada pada satu cabang maupun node (genus) yang sama dengan bakteri Enterobacter dengan nilai persentase kemiripan sebesar 99%. ------ Endophytic bacteria are microorganisms that live in plant tissues without causing disease and play an important role in supporting plant growth and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. The presence of endophytic bacteria is not merely as "passengers" in plant tissues, but active components that support plant metabolism including the production of bioactive compounds that are beneficial for medicine. Their role as natural enhancers is able to produce phytohormones, nitrogen fixation, and phosphate solubilization that can improve plant health so that they have the potential to be better in the production of bioactive compounds. This study aims to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria from the roots of the bitter plant (Andrographis paniculata Ness.) obtained from the Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Plants (BALITRO), Bogor. The plant roots were surface sterilized to remove epiphytic microorganisms. Isolation was carried out by the direct explant method on Tryptone Soya Agar (TSA) media without tissue destruction. The study succeeded in isolating one bacterial isolate with a macroscopic morphology of a round, yellowish-white color, small size, flat edges, and raised elevations. Microscopic identification showed gram-positive bacteria in the form of bacilli. A positive catalase test indicates the production of the enzyme catalase in the bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the bacterial isolates were in the same branch or node (genus) as Enterobacter, with a similarity percentage of 99%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Skripsi)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	endofit, sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Ness.), akar. ---- endophyte, sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Ness.), root.
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology
Divisions:	Program Studi S1 Farmasi
Depositing User:	pustakawan - -
Date Deposited:	10 Sep 2025 02:38
Last Modified:	10 Sep 2025 02:38
URI:	http://repository.stfi.ac.id/id/eprint/2785

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