NISFRIZA SARI, - (2026) OPTIMASI METODE EKSTRAKSI DARI EKSTRAK BUAH CABE JAWA (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) MENGGUNAKAN RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY (RSM). Skripsi thesis, Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Indonesia.
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Abstract
Buah cabe jawa (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) merupakan tanaman obat yang mengandung senyawa piperin dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku obat herbal. Keberhasilan ekstraksi dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, terutama konsentrasi pelarut dan waktu ekstraksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kedua faktor tersebut terhadap rendemen dan kadar piperin ekstrak buah cabe jawa serta menentukan kondisi ekstraksi optimum menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan desain Central Composite Design (CCD). Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan variasi konsentrasi pelarut aquadest (0%), etanol 48%, dan 96% dan waktu ekstraksi (1, 13, dan 24 jam). Kadar piperin ditetapkan menggunakan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT)-densitometri, sedangkan optimasi dilakukan dengan analisis ANOVA, contour plot, surface plot, dan Response Optimizer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu ekstraksi dan konsentrasi etanol berpengaruh signifikan terhadap rendemen dan kadar piperin (p<0,05). Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada waktu ekstraksi 24 jam dan konsentrasi etanol 96% dengan nilai composite desirability sebesar 0,9584, yang menghasilkan prediksi rendemen 17,749% dan kadar piperin 9,225%. Kondisi tersebut direkomendasikan sebagai metode ekstraksi optimum untuk memperoleh ekstrak buah cabe jawa dengan rendemen dan kadar piperin yang tinggi. ------- Java long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) is a medicinal plant containing piperine as its major bioactive compound and has potential as a raw material for herbal medicine. The extraction efficiency is influenced by several factors, particularly solvent concentration and extraction time. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of these factors on the extraction yield and piperine content of Piper retrofractum fruit extract and to determine the optimum extraction conditions using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a Central Composite Design (CCD). Extraction was carried out by maceration using ethanol concentrations of aquadest (0%), etanol 48%, and 96% with extraction times of 1, 13, and 24 hours. Piperine content was determined by thin-layer chromatography (TLC)-densitometry, while optimization was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), contour plots, surface plots, and the Response Optimizer. The results showed that extraction time and ethanol concentration significantly affected the extraction yield and piperine content (p < 0.05). The optimum condition was achieved at an extraction time of 24 hours using 96% ethanol, with a composite desirability value of 0.9584, predicting an extraction yield of 17.749% and a piperine content of 9.225%. Therefore, extraction with 96% ethanol for 24 hours is recommended as the optimum condition for obtaining Piper retrofractum fruit extract with high extraction yield and piperine content.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Skripsi) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Piper retrofractum Vahl., Response Surface Methodology, optimasi ekstraksi, piperin, rendemen. ------ Piper retrofractum Vahl., extraction optimization, piperine, Response Surface Methodology, yield. |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology |
| Divisions: | Program Studi S1 Farmasi |
| Depositing User: | pustakawan - - |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Sep 2026 03:17 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Sep 2026 03:17 |
| URI: | http://repository.stfi.ac.id/id/eprint/4273 |
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