ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI ENDOFIT DARI DAUN TANAMAN SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata Ness.)

FEBRIALIEF ANNISA AYUNINGRAT, - (2025) ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI ENDOFIT DARI DAUN TANAMAN SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata Ness.). Skripsi thesis, Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Indonesia.

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Abstract

Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) merupakan tanaman obat yang mengandung senyawa aktif andrografolid dengan berbagai aktivitas farmakologis, seperti antiinflamasi, antibakteri, dan imunomodulator. Keberadaan bakteri endofit di dalam jaringan tanaman berperan penting dalam mendukung pertumbuhan seperti inangnya serta sintesis metabolit sekunder yang bermanfaat secara farmakologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri endofit secara morfologi dan biokimia yang terdapat pada daun sambiloto. Sampel berupa daun muda, dewasa, dan tua disterilisasi permukaannya menggunakan alkohol 70% dan larutan NaOCl untuk menghilangkan mikroba epifit. Potongan jaringan bagian dalam kemudian ditanam secara aseptik pada media TSA (Tryptic Soy Agar) dan diinkubasi hingga muncul koloni. Koloni yang tumbuh dipurifikasi dengan metode gores (streak plate) untuk memperoleh koloni tunggal, kemudian dilakukan karakterisasi morfologi, uji fisiologi (toleransi salinitas dan suhu), serta uji biokimia (katalase) untuk mendukung identifikasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa koloni bakteri endofit hanya ditemukan pada daun dewasa. Isolat memiliki koloni bulat, tepi rata, berwarna putih kekuningan, bersifat Gram positif dengan bentuk sel streptobasil, dan positif terhadap uji katalase. Isolat juga mampu tumbuh pada salinitas 10–15% dan suhu 15–45 °C, menunjukkan toleransi terhadap kondisi ekstrem. Berdasarkan karakter tersebut, isolat teridentifikasi sebagai genus Bacillus. ------ Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) is a medicinal plant that contains the active compound andrographolide, known for its various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory effects. The presence of endophytic bacteria within plant tissues plays an important role in supporting host growth and the synthesis of pharmacologically beneficial secondary metabolites. This study aimed to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria morphologically and biochemically from Sambiloto leaves. Leaf samples (young, mature, and old) were surface-sterilized using 70% ethanol and NaOCl solution to eliminate epiphytic microbes. The inner tissue segments were aseptically inoculated on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA) medium and incubated until bacterial colonies appeared. The colonies were then purified using the streak plate method to obtain single colonies, followed by morphological characterization, physiological tests (salinity and temperature tolerance), and biochemical tests (catalase) to support identification. The results showed that endophytic bacterial colonies were only found in mature leaves. The isolate exhibited round colonies with smooth edges, a whitish-yellow color, was Grampositive with a streptobacillus cell shape, and tested positive for catalase activity. The isolate was also able to grow at 10–15% salinity and temperatures ranging from 15–45 °C, indicating tolerance to extreme conditions. Based on these characteristics, the isolate was identified as belonging to the genus Bacillus.

Item Type:	Thesis (Skripsi)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	sambiloto, bakteri endofit, isolasi, Bacillus, andrografolid. ------ Andrographis paniculata, endophytic bacteria, isolation, Bacillus, andrographolide
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology
Divisions:	Program Studi S1 Farmasi
Depositing User:	pustakawan - -
Date Deposited:	20 Nov 2025 03:21
Last Modified:	20 Nov 2025 03:21
URI:	http://repository.stfi.ac.id/id/eprint/3523

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